Long-form content, usually educational, that doesn't fit conveniently in a twitter thread
On November 21st, 2025, Cardano suffered a severe degradation of service that lasted roughly 14 hours. This blog post serves as my independent record of what happened, my assessment of how serious it was, and my assessment of how the network, chain, and community responded to it.
I am voting YES on the Stablecoin DeFi Liquidity Budget with hash e5643c33f608642e329228a968770e5b19ef5f48ff1f698712e2ce864a49e3f0#0.
This justification serves as a batch justification for my votes on the 39 treasury withdrawals in 2025 administered by Intersect.
I am voting YES on the Amaru Treasury Withdrawal 2025 with hash 60ed6ab43c840ff888a8af30a1ed27b41e9f4a91a89822b2b63d1bfc52aeec45#0.
For the last 6 months or so, Sundae Labs has been working together with Input Output and Well-Typed to study and refine the design of Ouroboros Leios, a proposed upgrade to the Cardano consensus mechanism. Leios is a protocol whose security is already well understood, but having confidence in the security of a protocol is a long way from knowing exactly how to build, deploy, and parameterize it.
I am voting to abstain on the Amaru Node Development budget info action with hash bd488931f792651fefa9c6fda185a2c6cec83245b51d994e33090ce36e29cc26#0.
I am voting NO on the ongoing governance action to lower the treasury cut to 10%.
I am voting YES on the ongoing governance action to establish an initial constitution for the Cardano blockchain ecosystem.
A few days ago, the Catalyst Fund 10 results were published, and this has caused quite a stir within the Cardano community.